Swollen lymph nodes, also known as lymphadenopathy, occur when the lymph nodes—small, bean-shaped glands that are part of the body's immune system—become enlarged due to infection, inflammation, or disease. These nodes play a crucial role in filtering harmful substances and fighting off infections, and when they detect a problem, they can swell as immune cells accumulate to combat the issue. Common causes of swollen lymph nodes include viral infections like the common cold or flu, bacterial infections, and even conditions like autoimmune diseases and certain cancers.
Symptoms of swollen lymph nodes can vary but may include visible swelling or tenderness in areas such as the neck, armpits, or groin. While often benign, swollen lymph nodes may indicate a more serious condition, particularly if they persist beyond a couple of weeks, or if they are accompanied by other concerning symptoms like fever, night sweats, or unexplained weight loss. It is advisable to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment if swollen lymph nodes are persistent or concerning.